Cybernetics and Society is published - a key study into the human relationships with machines.
1951
A graphic display is first shown on a vectorscope connected to a whirlwind computer, developed by MIT.
1956Mark IV, the first videotape recorder is developed (pictured left).
1958
John Whitney Sr uses analogue computer equipment to make animated film sequences. He is universally seen as the father of animation. His most famous example is the title sequence to Alfred Hitchcock's psychological thriller, Vertigo released the same year (video clip below).
1960
William Fetter of Boeing coins the term 'computer graphics for his human factors cockpit drawings.
1961
Spacewar! is developed by Steve Russell (at MIT) for the DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORPORATION's PDP-1 computer. It is said in the book that Spacewar! is the world's first computer game, although when we consider OXO (otherwise known as Naughts and Crosses/Tic-Tac-Toe), this is not technically true as the latter precedes the former almost by a decade.
1962
The computer mouse is invented by Doug Englebart.
The first computer-generated film is produced by physicist Edward Zajac.
1963
Charles Csuri makes his first computer-generated artwork.
1964
New York World's Fair is held. This was a showcase for American corporate confidence and celebration of the future benefits that were to be expected from technological discoveries (pictured below)
1965
The first computer art exhibition is held at Technische Hochschule in Stuttgart, featuring the work of Frieder Nake, Michael Noll and George Nees.
The first U.S computer art exhibition is held at the Howard Wise Gallery in New York.
1966
Odyssey is developed by Ralph Baer, the first person to propose the use of domestic TV sets for playing computer games. Odyssey was the first commercial computer graphics product.
1967
Experiments in Art and Technology (EAT) is founded in New York by artists Robert Rauschenberg and Robert Whitman together with engineers Billy Kluver and Fred Waldhauer with the aim of forging effective collaborations between artists and engineers.
Sony's TCV-2010 videotape recorder is launched, which brought video recording to the home market.
1968
The Cybernetic Serendipity: The Computer and the Arts exhibition is held at the London Institute of Contemporary Arts.
The Computer Arts Society is formed (as a branch of the British Computer Society) by John Lansdown (architect) and Alan Sutcliffe (pioneer of computer music).
1969
First use of computer graphics for commercial purposes (MAGI for IBM).
SIGGRAPH (Special Group for Computer GRAPHics) is formed.
Event One is organised by the Computer Arts Society and held in London.
1970
Edward Ihnatowicz's Senster is installed at Philips' Evoluon Building in Eindhoven, the Netherlands (pictured below).
1971
The world's first museum-based solo exhibition of computer generated art by Manfred Mohr is held at the Musée d'Art Moderne in Paris.
1972
Atari is founded by Nolan Bushnell, and releases the video game Pong (see my previous video game posts).
1973
Moore's Law, which states that the number of transistors on a microchip will double every 18 months, is coined by Intel's chairman, Gordon Moore.
The first SIGGRAPH conference is held in Boulder, Colorado.
Principles of Interactive Computer Graphics by William M Newman and Robert F Sproull, the first comprehensive graphics textbook is published.
1975
Benoit B Mandelbrot (IBM Fellow at the Watson Research Center) develops fractal geometry and publishes Les objets fractals, formes, hasard at dimension.
Bill Gates founds Microsoft.
Martin Newell develops the computer graphics teapot in 3D at University of Utah. The Utah Teapot is now a standard reference object (pictured right).1976
Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak start Apple computer. The Apple I is launched by Steve Wozniak.
Artist and Computer by Ruth Leavitt is published.
1977
The highly successful Apple II is released.
1979
The first Ars Electronica conference is held in Linz (Austria). 2014 marks the festival's 35th year.
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